Corey Rosen
According to an analysis posted on X by Hill.com founder and CEO Andrew Benson, widely cited in the New York Times and other news outlets, more than 4,000 current and former employees of SpaceX now have more than $1 million in stock (400-plus having $100 million or more), and many others among SpaceX's 22,000 employees have large amounts of stock as well after the company’s record-breaking IPO.
Nancy Wiefek
All businesses face challenges in recruiting and retaining employees; however, there are very few sources focused solely on how ESOPs deal with these issues and how they use employee ownership specifically as leverage.
Corey Rosen
In 2024, the New Jersey Economic Development Authority, funded by $2 million from the State Fiscal Year 2024 Appropriations Act, created a technical assistance program and outreach initiative led by Rutgers' Institute for the Study of Employee Ownership and Profit Sharing to promote employee ownership as a tool for business transition. Governor Phil Murphy proposed a $6 million fund for feasibility assistance grants for the program, but it was not approved. The $2 million program has been available to help defray the costs of feasibility studies.
Corey Rosen
A new NCEO paper, Why Selling to an ESOP Costs Less than Selling to Another Buyer: Breaking Down the Cost Differences (PDF; also see the embedded version below) takes a detailed look at the various cost components of selling to an ESOP versus selling to another buyer. The paper was based on conversations with multiple people involved in ESOPs and in exit planning generally. The bottom line is that selling to an ESOP usually costs between 2% and 4% of the transaction price, while selling to another buyer usually costs between 4% and 9%. Of course, these are general findings, and some deals cost less, while others cost more. The cost as a percentage of the transaction value is smaller in larger deals and in deals with less complex structures and financing.
Corey Rosen
The 2018 Main Street Employee Ownership Act made it much more practical for the SBA to guarantee bank loans under its 7(a) program for companies seeking to borrow money to buy out owners through an ESOP. After the law was passed, the SBA issued standard operating procedures that directly contradicted the law; however, by 2022 these issues were largely resolved, and banks started making loans under the 7(a) program.
Corey Rosen
Representatives Ryan Mackenzie (R-PA) and Tim Walberg (R-MI) have introduced the Valuing Employee Stock Today Act, H.R. 8660. The law would amend the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 (29 U.S.C. 207(e)) by adding restricted stock units to an existing exemption for “any value or income derived from employer-provided grants or rights provided pursuant to a stock option, stock appreciation right, or bona fide employee stock purchase program from the determination of an employee’s regular rate for purposes of calculating such employee’s overtime compensation.” The purpose of the exemption is to ensure that restricted stock units (RSUs) are not subject to overtime pay calculations.
Scott Rodrick
California Governor Gavin Newsom, who stated on May 19 that "You cannot save democracy unless we democratize the economy," issued an executive order on AI on May 21 that in part directs the state government to review opportunities to expand employee ownership and review policies to provide displaced workers with a safety net that could include stock and other forms of equity.
Corey Rosen
In language in the committee report on the fiscal year 2027 appropriations bill, the House Committee on Appropriations urged the Department of Commerce to take steps to promote employee ownership, writing:
Nancy Wiefek
A new research paper, Employee Share Ownership, Management Practices, and Labor Productivity: An Analysis Using Establishment Level Micro-Data from the U.S. Census, addresses long-standing questions about ESOPs and productivity. The research team, led by Fidan Ana Kurtulus at the University of Massachusetts Amherst, compiled the largest and most comprehensive data to date on broad-based employee ownership at both privately held and publicly traded US manufacturing companies. Specifically, they combined three restricted US Census micro-databases—the 2010 and 2015 Census Management and Organizational Practices Survey (MOPS), the American Survey of Manufacturers (ASM), and the US Longitudinal Business Database (LBD)—with the US Department of Labor’s Form 5500 Private Pension Plan (PPP) database.
